Tabla 1: Características de disolventesa
|
Disolvente |
PF |
PE |
D420 |
nD20 |
e |
RD |
m |
|
Acetato de etilo |
-84 |
77 |
0.901 |
1.3724 |
6.02 |
22.3 |
1.88 |
|
Acetona |
-95 |
56 |
0.788 |
1.3587 |
20.7 |
16.2 |
2.85 |
|
Acetonitrilo |
-44 |
82 |
0.782 |
1.3441 |
37.5 |
11.1 |
3.45 |
|
Ácido Acético |
17 |
118 |
1.049 |
1.3716 |
6.15 |
12.9 |
1.68 |
|
Ácido trifluoroacético |
-15 |
72 |
1.489 |
1.2850 |
8.55 |
13.7 |
2.26 |
|
Agua |
0 |
100 |
0.998 |
1.3330 |
80.1 |
3.7 |
1.82 |
|
Anisol |
-3 |
154 |
0.994 |
1.5170 |
4.33 |
33 |
1.38 |
|
Benceno |
5 |
80 |
0.879 |
1.5011 |
2.27 |
26.2 |
0.00 |
|
Benzoato de etilo |
-35 |
213 |
1.050 |
1.5052 |
6.02 |
42.5 |
2.00 |
|
Bromobenceno |
-31 |
156 |
1.495 |
1.5580 |
5.17 |
33.7 |
1.55 |
|
Ciclohexano |
6 |
81 |
0.778 |
1.4262 |
2.02 |
27.7 |
0.00 |
|
Clorobenceno |
-46 |
132 |
1.106 |
1.5248 |
5.62 |
31.2 |
1.54 |
|
Cloroformo |
-64 |
61 |
1.489 |
1.4458 |
4.81 |
21 |
1.15 |
|
Dibutil éter |
-98 |
142 |
0.769 |
1.3992 |
3.1 |
40.8 |
1.18 |
|
Diclorometano |
-95 |
40 |
1.326 |
1.4241 |
8.93 |
16 |
1.55 |
|
Dietil éter |
-117 |
35 |
0.713 |
1.3524 |
4.33 |
22.1 |
1.30 |
|
Dietilamina |
-50 |
56 |
0.707 |
1.3864 |
3.6 |
24.3 |
0.92 |
|
N,N -Dimetilacetamida |
-20 |
166 |
0.937 |
1.4384 |
37.8 |
24.2 |
3.72 |
|
N,N -Dimetilformamida |
-60 |
152 |
0.945 |
1.4305 |
36.7 |
19.9 |
3.86 |
|
1,2-Dicloroetano |
-36 |
84 |
1.253 |
1.4448 |
10.36 |
21 |
1.86 |
|
Dimetil sulfóxido |
19 |
189 |
1.096 |
1.4783 |
46.7 |
20.1 |
3.90 |
|
1,2-Dimetoxietano |
-68 |
85 |
0.863 |
1.3796 |
7.2 |
24.1 |
1.71 |
|
1,4-Dioxano |
12 |
101 |
1.034 |
1.4224 |
2.25 |
21.6 |
0.45 |
|
Etanol |
-114 |
78 |
0.789 |
1.3614 |
24.5 |
12.8 |
1.69 |
|
Formamida |
3 |
211 |
1.133 |
1.4475 |
111.0 |
10.6 |
3.37 |
|
Hexametilfosforamida |
7 |
235 |
1.027 |
1.4588 |
30.0 |
47.7 |
5.54 |
|
Isopropanol |
-90 |
82 |
0.786 |
1.3772 |
17.9 |
17.5 |
1.66 |
|
Metanol |
-98 |
65 |
0.791 |
1.3284 |
32.7 |
8.2 |
1.70 |
|
2-Metil-2-propanol |
26 |
82 |
0.786 |
1.3877 |
10.9 |
22.2 |
1.66 |
|
Nitrobenceno |
6 |
211 |
1.204 |
1.5562 |
34.82 |
32.7 |
4.02 |
|
Nitrometano |
-28 |
101 |
1.137 |
1.3817 |
35.87 |
12.5 |
3.54 |
|
o -Diclorobenceno |
-17 |
181 |
1.306 |
1.5514 |
9.93 |
35.9 |
2.27 |
|
o -Xileno |
-25 |
144 |
0.880 |
1.5054 |
2.57 |
35.8 |
0.62 |
|
Pridina |
-42 |
115 |
0.983 |
1.5102 |
12.4 |
24.1 |
2.37 |
|
Sulfuro de carbono |
-112 |
46 |
1.274 |
1.6295 |
2.6 |
21.3 |
0.00 |
|
Tetracloruro de carbono |
-23 |
77 |
1.594 |
1.4601 |
2.24 |
25.8 |
0.00 |
|
Tetrahidrofurano |
-109 |
66 |
0.888 |
1.4072 |
7.58 |
19.9 |
1.75 |
|
Tolueno |
-95 |
111 |
0.867 |
1.4969 |
2.38 |
31.1 |
0.43 |
|
Tricloroetileno |
-86 |
87 |
1.465 |
1.4767 |
3.4 |
25.5 |
0.81 |
|
2,2,2-Trifluoroetanol |
-44 |
77 |
1.384 |
1.2910 |
8.55 |
12.4 |
2.52 |
|
Trietilamina |
-115 |
90 |
0.726 |
1.4010 |
2.42 |
33.1 |
0.87 |
aPuntos de fusion y ebullición
en ºC, densidad (D) mg/ml a 20 ºC, índice de refracción
(nD) , constante dieléctrica (e), refracción molar(RD),
y momento dipolar (m) Debye a 20ºC.
|
