Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad: revisión del tratamiento psicológico
José Antonio López-Villalobos - Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia - ORCID
María Victoria López-Sánchez - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela - ORCID
Jesús Andrés De Llano - Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia - ORCID
Resumen
El tratamiento del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) no presenta en el momento actual una solución óptima a medio / largo plazo y se precisa seguir investigando sobre las diferentes opciones terapéuticas en el contexto familiar, social y escolar. El objetivo del estudio es hacer una revisión narrativa actualizada de los tratamientos psicológicos del TDAH en infancia y adolescencia. Método: Se revisan guías de práctica clínica, meta-análisis y revisiones sistemáticas sobre tratamiento de TDAH en los últimos años y en los principales buscadores bibliográficos. Resultados: La terapia de conducta presenta eficacia en el tratamiento de la clínica de TDAH y su comorbilidad, así como la terapia cognitivo conductual integrada en módulos de tratamiento que incluyen terapia de conducta. El neurofeedback y mindfulness se consideran tratamientos prometedores, pero presentan necesidad de más estudios que confirmen su eficacia. El entrenamiento cognitivo se considera un tratamiento con insuficiente evidencia científica. Conclusiones: La terapia conductual y cognitivo conductual son tratamientos eficaces en la mejoría de la clínica de TDAH.
Palabras clave: Psicoterapia | Psicopatología
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